Quiz on Biodiversity and Conservation Strategies

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Basics of Biodiversity

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1. If you were to design a conservation strategy for a species with a metapopulation structure, which approach would be most critical?

Enhancing the habitat quality of each patch independently

Protecting the largest population patch

Ensuring connectivity between habitat patches

Focusing on inbreeding avoidance within individual patches

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2. Which of the following is NOT a method used in ex situ conservation?

Cryopreservation

Botanical gardens

Controlled breeding in captivity

Establishing wildlife corridors

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3. Which of the following is an example of in situ conservation?

Biosphere Reserves

Seed banks

Cryopreservation

Botanical gardens

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4. Which of these Indian biodiversity hotspots hosts the largest number of endemic plants?

Sundarbans

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Western Ghats

Eastern Himalayas

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5. Which Indian state has the highest number of national parks?

Uttarakhand

Kerala

Madhya Pradesh

Rajasthan

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6. In the context of biodiversity, what does ‘flagship species’ imply?

A species that has the largest population in an ecosystem

A species that dominates other species in terms of resource utilization

A species that has become extinct in recent times

A species used to gain public support and funding for conservation efforts

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7. Which of these animals is classified as ‘Extinct in the Wild’ by the IUCN Red List?

Snow Leopard

Siberian Tiger

Indian Bustard

Scimitar-horned Oryx

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8. The ‘Ganga’ river dolphin is listed under which conservation status by the IUCN?

Endangered

Least Concern

Extinct in the Wild

Vulnerable

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9. Which of the following best describes the concept of ‘ecological debt’?

The obligation to restore ecosystems damaged by industrial activities

The amount of natural resources consumed beyond the planet's ability to regenerate them

The financial debt incurred by nations for conservation efforts

The ecological services lost due to the extinction of keystone species

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10. Consider a scenario where invasive species have been introduced into an ecosystem with high biodiversity. Which of the following ecological phenomena would most likely result in the long-term success of these invasive species over native ones?

A sudden shift in climate variables favoring native species

Co-evolution between native and invasive species leading to mutualistic relationships

Increased genetic diversity in the native species leading to greater adaptability

Ecological release due to decreased predation pressure

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11. What percentage of the Earth’s land surface do biodiversity hotspots cover?

Nearly 15%

Less than 2%

Around 10%

Approximately 5%

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12. Which type of biodiversity does the variation of genotypes within the population of a species represent?

Genetic diversity

Species diversity

Ecosystem diversity

Functional diversity

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13. A biodiversity index, such as the Simpson’s Diversity Index, is calculated for an ecosystem. What does a value close to 1 indicate in this context?

Low total number of species

Equal abundance of all species

High species evenness with numerous species

High dominance by one or a few species

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14. What is the primary source of funding for the Global Environment Facility (GEF), which supports biodiversity conservation?

Revenue from global ecotourism

Sales of carbon credits

Donations from private corporations

Contributions from member governments

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15. In the context of biodiversity hotspots, which statement best explains why endemism is critical for conservation priority?

The loss of endemic species leads to a significant reduction in global biodiversity, as these species are unique to the area.

Endemic species are usually the most adaptable to various environmental changes.

Endemic species offer economic benefits through ecotourism.

High levels of endemism indicate an ecosystem's resilience to climate change.

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16. In a scenario where a genetically modified organism (GMO) escapes into the wild, what potential impact on biodiversity might be of greatest concern?

The GMO becoming an invasive species, outcompeting native plants for resources

Enhanced food production leading to habitat loss due to agricultural expansion

The alteration of ecosystem dynamics through the introduction of new genetic traits

The immediate extinction of native species through direct competition

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17. Which international agreement specifically targets the reduction of illegally traded endangered species?

CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora)

Montreal Protocol

Kyoto Protocol

Ramsar Convention

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18. The concept of sacred groves primarily serves:

To create buffer zones around industrial areas

As an in situ conservation strategy preserving biodiversity

To protect water resources

As tourist attractions

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19. What does the ‘Red Queen hypothesis’ imply in terms of evolutionary biology and biodiversity conservation?

Conservation should focus on maintaining current species rather than allowing for evolutionary change.

Species must continually evolve to survive against evolving competitors and pathogens.

Species evolution is random and not influenced by environmental pressures.

Biodiversity conservation efforts are in vain because nature will always balance itself.

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Author

kanwar

Kanwar Bhan Godara UGC NET JRF Environmental Science
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Quiz: Biodiversity, Conservation strategies, and India’s rich ecological heritage

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