Ecological Interactions

Types of Ecological Interactions

In nature, no organism exists in isolation. Every living species—whether a plant, animal, fungus, or microbe—interacts with others in complex ways that shape ecosystems. These ecological interactions determine how energy flows, how…
Environmental Ethics

Environmental Ethics

Environmental ethics explores our moral responsibilities toward nature. It raises questions about how humans should treat the environment, including plants, animals, and ecosystems. This field focuses on concepts like biocentrism,…