Quiz on Biodiversity and Conservation Strategies

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Basics of Biodiversity

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1. What does the ‘Red Queen hypothesis’ imply in terms of evolutionary biology and biodiversity conservation?

Biodiversity conservation efforts are in vain because nature will always balance itself.

Species evolution is random and not influenced by environmental pressures.

Species must continually evolve to survive against evolving competitors and pathogens.

Conservation should focus on maintaining current species rather than allowing for evolutionary change.

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2. Which type of biodiversity does the variation of genotypes within the population of a species represent?

Ecosystem diversity

Species diversity

Genetic diversity

Functional diversity

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3. In a scenario where a genetically modified organism (GMO) escapes into the wild, what potential impact on biodiversity might be of greatest concern?

The GMO becoming an invasive species, outcompeting native plants for resources

Enhanced food production leading to habitat loss due to agricultural expansion

The immediate extinction of native species through direct competition

The alteration of ecosystem dynamics through the introduction of new genetic traits

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4. Consider a scenario where invasive species have been introduced into an ecosystem with high biodiversity. Which of the following ecological phenomena would most likely result in the long-term success of these invasive species over native ones?

Co-evolution between native and invasive species leading to mutualistic relationships

Increased genetic diversity in the native species leading to greater adaptability

Ecological release due to decreased predation pressure

A sudden shift in climate variables favoring native species

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5. In the context of biodiversity, what does ‘flagship species’ imply?

A species used to gain public support and funding for conservation efforts

A species that has become extinct in recent times

A species that has the largest population in an ecosystem

A species that dominates other species in terms of resource utilization

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6. What percentage of the Earth’s land surface do biodiversity hotspots cover?

Around 10%

Nearly 15%

Approximately 5%

Less than 2%

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7. Which of the following best describes the concept of ‘ecological debt’?

The financial debt incurred by nations for conservation efforts

The ecological services lost due to the extinction of keystone species

The obligation to restore ecosystems damaged by industrial activities

The amount of natural resources consumed beyond the planet's ability to regenerate them

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8. In the context of biodiversity hotspots, which statement best explains why endemism is critical for conservation priority?

Endemic species are usually the most adaptable to various environmental changes.

High levels of endemism indicate an ecosystem's resilience to climate change.

Endemic species offer economic benefits through ecotourism.

The loss of endemic species leads to a significant reduction in global biodiversity, as these species are unique to the area.

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9. Which of the following is an example of in situ conservation?

Seed banks

Cryopreservation

Biosphere Reserves

Botanical gardens

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10. The ‘Ganga’ river dolphin is listed under which conservation status by the IUCN?

Endangered

Least Concern

Extinct in the Wild

Vulnerable

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11. A biodiversity index, such as the Simpson’s Diversity Index, is calculated for an ecosystem. What does a value close to 1 indicate in this context?

Low total number of species

High dominance by one or a few species

High species evenness with numerous species

Equal abundance of all species

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12. The concept of sacred groves primarily serves:

As tourist attractions

To protect water resources

To create buffer zones around industrial areas

As an in situ conservation strategy preserving biodiversity

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13. Which of these Indian biodiversity hotspots hosts the largest number of endemic plants?

Sundarbans

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Western Ghats

Eastern Himalayas

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14. Which Indian state has the highest number of national parks?

Uttarakhand

Madhya Pradesh

Rajasthan

Kerala

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15. Which of the following is NOT a method used in ex situ conservation?

Botanical gardens

Controlled breeding in captivity

Establishing wildlife corridors

Cryopreservation

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16. Which of these animals is classified as ‘Extinct in the Wild’ by the IUCN Red List?

Indian Bustard

Snow Leopard

Scimitar-horned Oryx

Siberian Tiger

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17. Which international agreement specifically targets the reduction of illegally traded endangered species?

Montreal Protocol

CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora)

Kyoto Protocol

Ramsar Convention

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18. What is the primary source of funding for the Global Environment Facility (GEF), which supports biodiversity conservation?

Sales of carbon credits

Donations from private corporations

Revenue from global ecotourism

Contributions from member governments

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19. If you were to design a conservation strategy for a species with a metapopulation structure, which approach would be most critical?

Enhancing the habitat quality of each patch independently

Ensuring connectivity between habitat patches

Focusing on inbreeding avoidance within individual patches

Protecting the largest population patch

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The average score is 56%

Author

kanwar

Kanwar Bhan Godara UGC NET JRF Environmental Science
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Darrick Flatter

November 26, 2024, 4:18 pm

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Quiz: Biodiversity, Conservation strategies, and India’s rich ecological heritage

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